Healthcare System
The term “Health care delivery system” is often used to describe the way in which health care is furnished to the people. Classification of health care delivery system is by acuity of the client’s illnesses and level of specialization of the professionals.
Primary care level
Secondary care level
Tertiary care level
Primary care level: is the usual entry point for clients of the health care delivery system. It is oriented towards the promotion and maintenance of health, the prevention of disease, the management of common episodic disease and the monitoring of stable or chronic conditions. Primary care ordinarily occurs, in ambulatory settings. The client or the family manages treatment with health professionals providing diagnostic expertise and guidance.
Secondary care level: It involves the provision of specialized medical services by physician or a hospital on a referral by the primary care provider. A patient has developed a recognizable sign and symptoms that are either definitively diagnosed or require further diagnosis. It is oriented towards clients with more severe acute illnesses or chronic illnesses that are exacerbated. If hospitalization occurs it is usually in a community (district) hospital. Most individuals who enter this level of care are referred by primary care worker, although some are selfreferred. The physicians who provide secondary care are usually specialists and general practitioners.
Tertiary care level: It is a level of care that is specialized and highly technical in diagnosing and treating complicated or unusually health problems. Patients requiring this level often present in extensive and complicated pathological conditions. It is the most complex level of care. The illness may be life-threatening, and the care ordinarily takes place in a major hospital affiliated by a medical school. Clients are referred by workers from primary or secondary settings. The health professionals, including physicians and nurses tend to be highly specialized, and they focus on their area of specialization in the delivery of care.
The other classification of health care delivery system is:
Preventive: is aimed at stopping the disease process before it starts or preventing further deterioration of a condition that already exists.
Curative: is aimed at restoring the client's health.
Rehabilitative: is aimed at lessening the pain and discomfort of illness and helping clients live with disease and disability. Some nurse theorists have conceptualized the nursing role as being focused on sustaining care and preventing disease. However, the work role of nurse practitioners and home health care nurses would probably span all three of these orientations. The nurse must understand and remember that the preventive services are also popularly categorized as primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive health care.
Levels of prevention
Primary prevention: refers to the prevention of an illness before it has a chance to occur.
Aims
Health promotion
Protection against illness
Primary preventive measures apply before a disease manifests with sign and symptoms.
Examples:
Eating well balanced diet
Regular exercise program
Maintaining weight
No smoking
Moderation of alcohol
Information on alcohol substance
Nutritional counseling
Environmental control
Safe water Supply
Good food hygiene
Safe waste management
Vector and animal reservoir control
Good living and working condition
Stress management etc
Secondary prevention: includes the early detection of actual or potential health hazards. This allows for prompt intervention and possibly a cure of a disease or condition. It is directed forwards health maintenance for patients experiencing health problems.
Secondary prevention has two sub-levels
early detection (diagnosis) of disease
prompt treatment
e.g. hypertension screen and acute care.
Secondary prevention increases awareness of:
breast self – examination
testicular self-examination
mammography
pap smear
BP screening
Blood glucose screening
Teaching breast self - examination
Antibiotic treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis
aimed at preventing rheumatic fever
“Caution” of cancer
Tertiary Prevention: is aimed at avoiding further deterioration of an already existing problem. Rehabilitative efforts are sometimes tertiary preventive measures. It deals with rehabilitation and return of client to a status of maximum function within the limit posed by the disease or disability and preventing further decline in health. This level of prevention occurs after a disease caused extensive damage.
Examples
-Rehabilitation after stroke
-Smoking cessation program for clients with emphysema
Primary care level
Secondary care level
Tertiary care level
Primary care level: is the usual entry point for clients of the health care delivery system. It is oriented towards the promotion and maintenance of health, the prevention of disease, the management of common episodic disease and the monitoring of stable or chronic conditions. Primary care ordinarily occurs, in ambulatory settings. The client or the family manages treatment with health professionals providing diagnostic expertise and guidance.
Secondary care level: It involves the provision of specialized medical services by physician or a hospital on a referral by the primary care provider. A patient has developed a recognizable sign and symptoms that are either definitively diagnosed or require further diagnosis. It is oriented towards clients with more severe acute illnesses or chronic illnesses that are exacerbated. If hospitalization occurs it is usually in a community (district) hospital. Most individuals who enter this level of care are referred by primary care worker, although some are selfreferred. The physicians who provide secondary care are usually specialists and general practitioners.
Tertiary care level: It is a level of care that is specialized and highly technical in diagnosing and treating complicated or unusually health problems. Patients requiring this level often present in extensive and complicated pathological conditions. It is the most complex level of care. The illness may be life-threatening, and the care ordinarily takes place in a major hospital affiliated by a medical school. Clients are referred by workers from primary or secondary settings. The health professionals, including physicians and nurses tend to be highly specialized, and they focus on their area of specialization in the delivery of care.
The other classification of health care delivery system is:
Preventive: is aimed at stopping the disease process before it starts or preventing further deterioration of a condition that already exists.
Curative: is aimed at restoring the client's health.
Rehabilitative: is aimed at lessening the pain and discomfort of illness and helping clients live with disease and disability. Some nurse theorists have conceptualized the nursing role as being focused on sustaining care and preventing disease. However, the work role of nurse practitioners and home health care nurses would probably span all three of these orientations. The nurse must understand and remember that the preventive services are also popularly categorized as primary, secondary, and tertiary preventive health care.
Levels of prevention
Primary prevention: refers to the prevention of an illness before it has a chance to occur.
Aims
Health promotion
Protection against illness
Primary preventive measures apply before a disease manifests with sign and symptoms.
Examples:
Eating well balanced diet
Regular exercise program
Maintaining weight
No smoking
Moderation of alcohol
Information on alcohol substance
Nutritional counseling
Environmental control
Safe water Supply
Good food hygiene
Safe waste management
Vector and animal reservoir control
Good living and working condition
Stress management etc
Secondary prevention: includes the early detection of actual or potential health hazards. This allows for prompt intervention and possibly a cure of a disease or condition. It is directed forwards health maintenance for patients experiencing health problems.
Secondary prevention has two sub-levels
early detection (diagnosis) of disease
prompt treatment
e.g. hypertension screen and acute care.
Secondary prevention increases awareness of:
breast self – examination
testicular self-examination
mammography
pap smear
BP screening
Blood glucose screening
Teaching breast self - examination
Antibiotic treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis
aimed at preventing rheumatic fever
“Caution” of cancer
Tertiary Prevention: is aimed at avoiding further deterioration of an already existing problem. Rehabilitative efforts are sometimes tertiary preventive measures. It deals with rehabilitation and return of client to a status of maximum function within the limit posed by the disease or disability and preventing further decline in health. This level of prevention occurs after a disease caused extensive damage.
Examples
-Rehabilitation after stroke
-Smoking cessation program for clients with emphysema
Comments
Post a Comment