CARE BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER BLOOD TRANSFUSION.

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BEFORE **
*admit patient on acute bay.
*Ensure there is good lighting.
*The room should be clean.
*Ensure conformability by making the bed well.
*Prepare vital signs tray containing thermometer, sphygymomanometer,an other requirements.
*Drip stand should be made available for hanging the blood pack.
*Ensure that u have a functional oxygen machine within patients unit.
*Provide a suction machine also.
*Have Glasgow coma scale by the patients side.
*Ensure that some resuscitation drugs like hydrocortisone, adrenaline and others are ready.
*Provide heater to keep the room warm.
*Ensure the Blood transfusion chary is available.
*Explain to the patient that blood transfusion is the only way to increase the blood volume as medication may not offer full sustainability.
*Explain to the patient that a Nurse will be by the bed side to assess for any reactions.
*Allow patient to ventilate his/her fears concerning BT.
*Find our from the patient if he/she has undergone BT before and ask for any reactions to previous BT.
*When patient accepts that BT can be commenced,collect blood for HB to asses haemoglobin count,grouping and cross match to know patients blood group.
*Find out if patients is so anxious and continue giving psychological care.
*Prepare blood from the lab,Check for the name,age,sex,blood group and diagnosis to see that u have the right blood pack for the right patient.
*Check for the expiry date of the blood pack.
*Warm the blood to avoid clots during transfusions.
*Do vital sings for baseline data.
*Cannulate patient for vein access.
*Position patient and commence the blood transfusion.
AFTER BT...
*Now thank patient for the cooperation.
*make sure patient I'd comfortable.
*Change any wet linen.
*Continue to see offer psychological care.
*Continue with the prescribed haemopoetics.
*remind patients on he review date if to be discharger soon.
*Assess for the patients s response to blood transfusion.
*Take blood for Haemoglobin count check up.
*leave patient comfortable and report all findings.
DURING BT..
*As blood transfusion is running,ensure the IV line is patent.
*Do vitals 1/4hourly to detect any reaction to blood transfusion.
*Closely observe patient for any skin and other reactions like fever.
*Assess for any swelling at the cannulated site.
*Continue giving psychological care.
*Assess for any clots in the IV line.
*Assess for dyspnea and commence oxygen.
*Give prescribed analgesics for pain.
*Should patient be unconscious, suction all developing secretions.
*Stop blood transfusion if any reactions occur and report to nearby authority.
*Do vitals continuously until blood transfusion is stopped.

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