NURSING TOOL BOX SERIES

  CARE OF THE NEWBORN A. FACTORS AIDING IN THE ETABLISHMENT OF BREATHING [20%] 1. Compression of the head During labor as the baby passes through the birth canal, the negotiation process leads to the Head making it to mould. This therefore leads to the stimulation of the hypothalamus to initiate breathing. 2. Compression of the chest As the baby try to pass through the birth canal, it's chest gets compressed leading to removal of fluids in the lungs to help lungs to expand. 3. Hypoxia Lack of enough oxygen at birth makes the baby attempt to breath 4. Hypercapnia Increased carbon dioxide in the baby makes it attempt to breath in and out to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. 5. Hands if the birth attended The hands of the attended when drying the baby helps stimulate respirations. B. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM AND CEPHALOHEMATOMA [30%] 1. Onset Caput succedeneum is present at birth while cephalo hematoma occurs after 24hours 2. Suture lines Caput succedeneum may cros

  UTERINE RUPTURE A. OUTLINE 5 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF UTERINE RUPTURE [10%] B. DISCUSS 5 PREDISPOSING FACTORS TO UTERINE RUPTURE [25%] C. DISCUSS THE IMMEDIATE MANAGEMENT OF THE WOMAN WITH UTERINE RUPTURE [50%] D. EXPLAIN THE 5 PREVENTION MEASURES TO UTERINE RUPTURE [15%] ANSWERS A. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS 1. Uterine contractions In early stages,the contractions may become stronger and severe then suddenly drops 2. Abdominal pain and tenderness This occurs when contractions goes at peak 3. Vaginal bleeding Blood may come out through the vagina or into the peritoneal cavity 4. Chest pain Occurs during inspiration due to irritation of blood below the diaphragm 5. Hypovolemic shock Happens due to excessive loss of blood Plus Mbasela 6. Foetal distress Due to reduced or no blood flow to the fetus B. PREDISPOSING FACTORS 1. Misuse of oxytocin drugs Overdose of oxytocin during augmentation or induction of labor may predispose a woman to uterine rupture. 2. Grand multi parity Women who have had mor