NURSING TOOL BOX SERIES

  Nursing Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate and systematic management. The following notes outline the nursing management of PPH based on the  PPH MGT protocol , which includes  CALL FOR HELP  and the  E²R²C³P³P  approach. 1. CALL FOR HELP Immediate Action : As soon as PPH is suspected, call for help from the multidisciplinary team, including: Obstetrician Anesthetist Midwives Hematologist Blood bank staff Activate Emergency Protocols : Ensure the emergency trolley and PPH kit are available. 2. E²R²C³P³P Approach E - IV Line and Administer Medications Establish IV Access : Insert two large-bore IV cannulas (16G or 18G) for rapid fluid resuscitation. Administer Medications : Ergometrine 0.5mg IV : Causes uterine contraction (contraindicated in hypertensive patients). Oxytocin 40-80 IU/Liter : Infuse IV to maintain uterine tone. Monitor Vital Signs : Continuously monit...

  Nursing Care Plans  CCF Nursing Care Plan Nursing Problem : Impaired Gas Exchange Nursing Diagnosis : Impaired gas exchange related to increased preload, mechanical failure, or immobility as manifested by increased respiratory rate, shortness of breath, and dyspnoea on exertion. Objective/Goal : The patient will maintain normal gas exchange within 45 minutes of intervention. Nursing Interventions : Monitor the rate, rhythm, depth, and effort of respirations. Auscultate breath sounds, noting areas of decreased/absent ventilation and presence of adventitious sounds. Monitor for dyspnoea and events that influence ADLs. Administer supplemental oxygen as prescribed. Change oxygen delivery levels from mask to nasal prongs during meals. Position to alleviate dyspnoea (e.g., semi-fowler’s position). Monitor oxygen saturation levels. Evaluation : The patient has maintained normal gas exchange within 45 minutes, evidenced by ease of breathing and reduced respiratory rate. Nursing Prob...

    NURSING CARE PROBLEMS  (PRIORITISED) BY PROF JONES H.M 1.      Impaired breathing patterns (dyspnea) 2.      Altered body temperature above normal (fever/hyperthermia) 3.      Altered body temperature below normal (hypothermia) 4.      Altered body fluid and electrolyte balance above body requirements(edema/fluid retention) 5.      Altered body fluid and electrolyte balance below body requirements(dehydration) 6.      Altered body nutritional status below body requirements(malnutrition) 7.      Altered comfort due to headache (pain) 8.      Impaired verbal communication 9.      Impaired skin integrity 10.   Altered body image 11.   Risk of infection 12.   Knowledge deficit 13.   Self-care deficit 14.   Anxiety   NURSING PROBLEM NURSING DIAGNOSIS...