NURSING TOOL BOX SERIES

  PLACENTAL ACCRETA, INCRETA AND PERCRETA The placenta is an organ that develops in your uterus during pregnancy. This structure provides oxygen and nutrients to your growing baby and removes waste products from your baby's blood. The placenta attaches to the wall of your uterus, and your baby's umbilical cord arises from it. Normally, the placenta grows onto the upper part of the uterus (endometrium) and stays there until your baby is born. Sometimes the placenta attaches itself into the wall of the uterus too deeply. This can cause problems, including; ✓Placenta accreta Placenta accreta is a serious pregnancy condition that occurs when the placenta grows too deeply into the uterine wall. Typically, the placenta detaches from the uterine wall after childbirth. With placenta accreta, part or all of the placenta remains attached. This can cause severe blood loss after delivery. ✓Placenta increta The placenta attaches itself even more deeply into the muscle wall of the uterus. ✓P

  INSTITUTIONALIZATION INTRODUCTION In previous years, the mentally ill patients were cared for in large buildings near hospitals known as asylum. This led to a largest group of patients getting admitted and cared for in mental institutions for a long time. This development led to institutionalization.   DEFINITION Institutionalization is a pattern of passive dependent behavior observed among psychiatric inpatient, which is characterized by hospital attachment and resistance to discharge.   OR It is a deficit of a disability in social and life skills, which develops after a person has long lived or spent a long time in a psychiatric hospital, prison or other remote institution.   CAUSES 1.     Extreme poverty: the victim knows where he comes from there is poverty as a result he may prefer to be institutionalized. 2.     Substance abuse by guardian: after parents abuse substances (e.g alcohol) they cause harm to

  MENTAL HEALTH - INSTITUTIONALIZATION Chakupopa a known psychiatric patient of chainama hospital has been refusing to be discharged from the hospital despite feeling well after suffering an episode of a manic attack. Last month he brought himself and gave a bed to himself, after investigations a diagnosis of institutionalization was made A.                  Define institutionalization     5% B.                  State five (5) Features of Institutional Syndrome     30% C.                  Describe five (5) Contributing factors to institutionalization 30% D.                  Explain five (5) Preventive and Curative measures to address institutionalization  (35%) DEF; Institutionalization is a condition which has been recognized as being quite separate from the psychiatric illness which originally initiated the patient’s admission to hospital. The condition was first observed among the inmates of various types of institutions, thus the term became established. . 1. Featu

  INTRODUCTION Institutionalization can either be voluntary or involuntary commitment, the process of committing someone to a facility. It is caused by many factors and the individuals who suffer from institutional syndrome can face several kinds of difficulties upon returning to the community. Lack of independence and responsibility for patients within institutions, along with the ‘depressing, and dehumanizing’ environment, can make it difficult for patients to live and work independently. Furthermore, in this assignment I will elaborate more of the atleast most common factors that contributes to clients been institutionalized, also the common features of institutionalization and its preventive measures.   Institutionalization This is also referred to as an institutional syndrome, it is a condition of apathy and withdraw occurring in residents of long stay in a mental health facility as a result of rigid routine and lack of independence and patient may resist to leave because